Chalk Paint vs. Milk Paint: Which One Should You Use?
Milk paint and chalk paint are two of the most popular options for refinishing furniture and creating a vintage or farmhouse look. While they may appear similar at first glance, their composition, application, and finish offer key differences that are important to understand before starting your next project.
| Feature | Milk Paint | Chalk Paint |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | Natural: milk protein (casein), lime, pigments | Typically acrylic-based with calcium carbonate (chalk-like) |
| Form | Sold as powder, mixed with water before use | Sold pre-mixed in liquid form |
| Shelf Life | Short (must use quickly once mixed) | Long (can be stored sealed for extended periods) |
| Finish | Matte, often chippy/distressed look | Matte, smooth and velvety |
| Surface Adhesion | Best on raw, porous wood (bonding agent needed for others) | Adheres well to most surfaces without primer |
| Distressing | Naturally flakes and chips for aged look | Requires sanding for controlled distressing |
| Durability | Good with sealer, may flake on high-use items | Needs sealing for durability, wax often recommended |
| Customization | Highly customizable colors via pigment mixing | Limited to pre-mixed color lines |
| VOC Content | Zero to very low VOCs, eco-friendly | Usually low VOCs, but varies by brand |
| Ease of Use | Requires mixing and quick usage | Ready to use, beginner-friendly |
| Ideal For | Authentic antique or rustic finishes | Smooth, vintage-inspired finishes |
Application Technique:
Milk paint must be mixed just before use and often needs a bonding agent when applied to non-porous surfaces. Chalk paint, in contrast, is ready to use out of the can and is known for its easy application and minimal prep.
Finish Flexibility:
If you’re going for a worn, farmhouse aesthetic with unpredictable distressing, milk paint delivers a unique, aged look. If you want a smoother, more controlled vintage finish, chalk paint allows for layering and sanding to create subtle, customized wear patterns.
Protective Finish Requirements
While both paints benefit from a protective topcoat, their needs differ:
Milk paint often requires a sealer (like hemp oil, wax, or polyurethane) especially if not using a bonding agent, as it’s more porous and prone to moisture absorption.
Chalk paint almost always needs waxing or a clear coat to protect the surface from scratching or reactivating when exposed to moisture. Wax also enhances its velvety finish.
Texture and Brush Marks
Milk paint can result in more visible texture, especially if not mixed thoroughly. Brush marks and natural inconsistencies add to the rustic charm.
Chalk paint offers better leveling, producing a smoother surface with fewer brush strokes, especially when using high-quality brushes.